Impacts of a chronic high-level exposure to HF on Nicotiana tabacum L.: Morphological and physiological changes

Abstract

A long-term plant-exposure study was conducted to quantify the observed damages of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. St. Karabaglar 6265, caused by fluoride-rich atmosphere in the field. Individual effects of hydrogen fluoride on morphological and physiological properties of the plant were investigated under controlled experimental conditions. The plants were exposed to a constant high-level fluoride concentration in a fumigation chamber throughout the vegetation period and the resulting data indicated considerable fluoride-induced damage relative to control plants.