Phenolic Contents, in vitro Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Activities of Salvia aethiopis L. and S. ceratophylla L. (Lamiaceae)

Abstract

Along with present study it is designed to examine phenolic compositions, in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Salvia aethiopis L. and S. ceratophylla L. (Lamiaceae) from Turkey. Total phenolic contents of S. aethiopis methanol (SA-ME) and ethyl acetate (SA-EA) extracts were between 94.36 +/- z1.36-290.62z1.51 mg GAE/g extract while S. ceratophylla methanol (SC-ME) and ethyl acetate (SC-EA) extracts were between 168.35 +/- 1.97-330.14 +/- 2.28 mg GAE/g extract. The main phenolic acid of the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts was rosmarinic acid (40.25 and 140.6 mu g/100 g plant for S. aethiopis; 74 and 234.5 mu g/100 g plant for S. ceratophylla). Phenolic acids of S. aethiopis and S. ceratophylla extracts has much more cinnamic acid derivatives then benzoic acid derivatives. Studied Salvia extracts showed dose-dependent radical scavenging activities. HPLC results allow to make a correlation between antioxidant capacity and quantity of these phenolic acids showed as strongly antioxidant components. It is suggested that to utilize the potential antioxidant properties of these plant extracts, they can be used in safe under 266 mu g mL(-1), 230 mu g mL(-1), 150 mu g mL(-1) and 133.3 mu g mL(-1) for SC-ME, SA-ME, SA-EA and SC-EA extracts, respectively. The proliferation of the cells was assessed by the MTT assay. Viability percentage of the extracts was determined relative to controls and measured on 15.6 -1000 mu g mL(-1) extract concentrations. IC50 value of SA-ME extract at 24 hours was 230.0 +/- 17.3 and at 48 hours was 93.3 +/- 5.8 while 266.7 +/- 41.6 (24 h) and 180.0 +/- 20.0 (48 h) for SC-ME extract. Toxicities of extracts were decreased in turn, SA-EA>SC-EA>SA-ME>SC-ME. The most toxic extract was SA-EA also with high phenolic contents while SC-ME was the lowest.